Conjugated polymer multilayer by in situ electrochemical polymerization for black-to-transmissive eletrochromism

A range of novel multilayer films were fabricated onto ITO-coated glass through the electrochemical polymerization (MEP) technology using three EDOT-based electrochromic polymers (P1, P2 and P3) with additive primary colors red, green blue (RGB) respectively in neutral state, high transmissivity oxidized state. As expected, a highly desired black-to-transmissive switching low driving voltages (<1 V) was observed for resulting straightforward color mixing P1, P3. Significantly, films, such as “P1/P2/P3 Multilayer”, possessed outstanding performances, including optical contrast (exceeding 40%), fast speed (coloration time bleaching less than 1.5 s), lasting cyclic stability (optical retains 89% after 500 steps), which make them hold great potential practical applications devices, like switchable displays, energy-saving windows, electronic papers so on. Finally, this work provides simple efficient approach towards electrochromism, indicates that it is viable facile to achieve fine-tuning virtue MEP method